Lymphoma is a type of cancer that begins in the immune system cells called lymphocytes which are in a state of uncontrolled cell growth and multiplication. Lymphocytes are white blood cells transported by a network of vessels that make up the lymphatic system whose job is to fight infections or anything that threatens the body. It is also comprised of lymph nodes that exist throughout the body to filter the lymph that flows through them.
There are two primary types of Lymphoma – the B cells which produce proteins that travel throughout the body, attaching themselves to infectious organisms and abnormal cells and alerting the immune system that the phatogen needs to be destroyed; and the T cells which actually kill the phatogens directly and serve a function in regulating the immune system from over- or under- activity. If these abnormal lymphocytes travel from one lymph node to the next, the cancer can spread or metastasize.
Lymphoma can be of two types – Hodgkin’s and Non-Hodgkin’s. Their symptoms are the same while their differences are visible only microscopically.
Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma may involve the gynecologic tract which normally involves the ovaries. Primary Ovarian Lymphoma, however, is a very rare disease because involvement of the ovaries in lymphoma usually occurs secondary as part of a systemic disease. Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma appears to be the most common type of primary ovarian Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma. Histology of the tumor cells are normally positive for CD10 and CD20.
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